Simply put, prevention is better than cure! Unfortunately, not all problems can be prevented. Dislocation of the teeth from their normal anatomical state, the so-called “misaligned teeth”, and the subsequent need for orthodontic treatment, is one of the many cases…
Introduction Skeletal class III malocclusion is characterized by mandibular prognathism, maxillary deficiency or some combination of these two features. The prevalence of Class III malocclusion varies among different ethnic groups, depending on the method of studying and age group of…
Tooth movement by orthodontic force application is dependent on remodeling in periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, involving the activation of complex cellular and molecular mechanisms correlated with several macro – and microscopic biological changes. The orthodontic process involves the activation of many complex…
Cleft lip or palate is one of the most common types of craniomaxillofacial birth anomalies. Midface deficiency is a common feature of cleft lip and palate patients due to scar tissue of the lip and palate closure. Cleft lip and…
1. Abstract Specific terms are used to describe the nature of tooth agenesis. Hypodontia is most frequently used when describing the phenomenon of congenitally missing teeth. Many other terms to describe a reduction in the number of teeth appear in…
Abstract Cleft lip or palate is one of the most common types of craniomaxillofacial birth anomalies.Midface deficiency is a common feature of cleft lip and palate patients due to scar tissue of the lip and palate closure. Cleft lip and…
Increased Overjet Overjet, also called protrusion, occurs when the upper teeth are located too far in front of the lower row of teeth. It can be caused by a variety of reasons, such as improper teeth alignment, bone deformities, and…
A cross bite occurs when any or all of the upper teeth fit into the wrong side of the lower teeth. Crossbite has also been defined as a condition where one or more teeth may be abnormally malposed either lingually…
Too much or too little room for the teeth can cause spacing or crowding problems. Crowding can prevent permanent teeth from coming in properly or at all (impaction). The following image shows spacing in a patient: The following image shows…
